From processing fees to prepayment penalties, hidden charges can inflate the cost of borrowing, leaving many homebuyers financially stretched
While securing a home loan, many buyers focus primarily on the interest rate and EMI, naively assuming that these figures represent the entire cost of borrowing. However, beneath every home loan’s surface is a complex web of hidden charges, which can significantly impact your total cost of homeownership and unsettle your finances.
“ I was overwhelmed when my loan got approved, but, little did I know that I would have to spend a lot more to earn my homeowner’s tag as the total amount of additional charges was almost three percent of my total loan amount.”
From application fees and closing costs to home loan insurance, these often-overlooked expenses can reveal the true financial commitment. Understanding these hidden charges is essential for anyone navigating the home loan process.
While not always required, some lenders encourage borrowers to purchase a home loan insurance to protect against default due to unforeseen events like death or critical illness. These policies can add to monthly expenses or be bundled into the overall loan, quietly raising the effective cost of borrowing. Although it provides security, it’s often introduced late in the discussion, leaving borrowers under pressure to accept it without time to compare policies.
Processing Fees
Lenders charge a processing fee, typically a percentage of the loan amount, to cover administrative costs. While this is usually disclosed upfront, borrowers may not always anticipate how significant this fee can be, especially on large loan amounts. Some lenders may also add additional charges, such as legal and valuation fees, under this category.
Prepayment and foreclosure charges
“Some lenders allow borrowers to prepay or foreclose the loan partially or fully without charge, but others impose a fee for this, particularly if the loan is at a fixed interest rate. This fee can discourage borrowers from paying off the loan early, ensuring the lender continues to earn interest”.
A large majority of Indian homebuyers depend on home loans to fulfil their aspiration. Many make the mistake of opting for the very first offer they can secure, thinking that the stated charges are standard across all lenders. While most lenders levy these charges, the actual amts can depend on several factors, including the state of the market and the overall lending industry. Remember that no lender has a monopoly on home loans, and this means that they are competing for your business.
Late payment penalty
If a borrower misses a payment due date, lenders often impose a late payment penalty. These charges can be hefty and accumulate quickly, particularly if there are multiple missed payments. This fee not only adds to the total repayment amount but can also affect the borrower’s credit score.
Conversion fee
Some home loan lenders allow borrowers to switch from a fixed interest rate to a floating interest rate or vice-versa, or reduce the interest rate if market rates fall. However, they charge a conversion fee to make this adjustment, which may not be communicated initially but can be a significant cost if interest rates fluctuate frequently.
Document retrieval fee
At the end of the loan tenure or in the case of foreclosure, lenders may charge a fee to retrieve and release important property-related documents. This small but additional cost can come as a surprise to the borrowers.
Re-sanction charges
The bank approves home loan and issues a sanction letter. After this, borrowers usually have to get the home loan amount disbursed within three months of the issuance of the home loan sanction letter. If you are not able to get the home loan amount disbursed within this time frame, the sanction letter is considered null and void and the bank will have to re-sanction the loan. In such a scenario, the borrower will have to pay the fee again.
Legal Charges
Lenders carefully assess the legality and technical aspects of a property to confirm its validity and worth, in the market before proceeding with any transactions. This due diligence is factored into the overall cost to the borrower.
GST
“Since home loan services fall in the ‘service category’, they are subject to the Goods and Services Tax (GST). This tax applies to a range of fees including processing fees, administrative charges, and legal and technical fees. The current GST rate applicable to home loan services is 18 percent, which increases the overall cost of the home loan for borrowers apart from the actual home loan amount.
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